Down’s syndrome is a chromosomal condition that causes delays in intellectual and physical development. Children with this condition have 47 chromosomes instead of 46. Scientists still don’t know what causes Down’s syndrome, but one thing is for sure, these children bring so much light and joy to the lives of their families and friends. Read on to learn more facts about children with Down’s syndrome.
1. Down’s Syndrome is the Most Common Chromosomal Condition in the U.S.
Down’s syndrome occurs in one out of every 700 babies born in the United States every year, making it the most common chromosomal condition in the country.
2. There are Three Types of Down’s Syndrome
Many people are unaware that there are three types of Down’s syndrome:
- Trisomy 21: The most common type, accounting for 95% of cases of Down’s syndrome. Children with this type have an extra copy of chromosome 21.
- Mosaic: Only about 2% of cases of Down’s syndrome are Mosaic. These children have fewer characteristics of the condition. Why? Because some cells have an extra copy of chromosome 21, while others do not.
- Translocation: About 3% of Down’s syndrome cases are translocation. This type occurs when a partial or whole chromosome is translocated (attached) to a different chromosome.
3. Children with Down’s Syndrome May Have Other Medical Problems
Some children with Down’s syndrome have other medical issues or congenital disabilities, such as:
- Eye diseases
- Hearing loss
- Heart defects
- Ear infections
- Obstructive sleep apnea
Children with Down’s syndrome are closely monitored by their doctors to check for these conditions.
4. Many Children with Down’s Syndrome Share Similar Physical Characteristics
While every child with Down’s syndrome is different, many share similar physical characteristics, which include:
- A flattened face
- A short stature
- Small ears, hands and feet
- Short neck
- Almond-shaped eyes
- White spots on the irises of the eyes
- Small, curved pinky fingers
- A protruding tongue
5. Down’s Syndrome Can Cause Varying Intellectual Symptoms
Children with Down’s syndrome often experience speech and language delays, learning difficulties and varying other intellectual symptoms. The severity level differs from one child to the next.
Early intervention services, such as ABA therapy in Miami, can help with physical and speech development. Some children will require more structure and assistance than others.
6. Life Expectancy and Outlook is on the Rise
Down’s syndrome can cause varying levels of mental, behavioral and physical development issues, but many children grow up to live independently, hold jobs and enjoy the same activities as many other adults. Medical advancements have also helped children with this condition live longer. Today, many people with Down’s syndrome can expect to live to age 60 or older.
Children with Down’s syndrome may experience developmental delays, but they also have many gifts and talents that should be developed. While they are different in some ways, they are more like other children than not and bring a great deal of joy to the lives of many. There is no cure for Down’s syndrome, but screening and diagnosis can be done prior to birth.
